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Congenital Spinal Stenosis

Congenital spinal stenosis is a condition in which a person is born with a spinal canal that is narrower than normal. Because there is less space available for the spinal cord and nerves, even small changes over time—such as growth, disc bulging, or minor degenerative changes—can lead to nerve compression and symptoms earlier in life than expected. Unlike acquired spinal stenosis, which develops later due to aging or wear and tear, congenital spinal stenosis is present from birth and often affects children, adolescents, or young adults.

What causes Congenital Spinal Stenosis

Congenital spinal stenosis results from differences in spinal development before birth. Contributing factors may include:

  • Shortened pedicles (the bony structures forming the spinal canal)
  • Congenital vertebral shape variations
  • Associated skeletal or genetic conditions
  • Conditions such as skeletal dysplasia or other congenital spine disorders
  • In many cases, patients are otherwise healthy and unaware of the condition until symptoms develop.

    Signs & Symptoms

    Symptoms vary depending on the level of the spine involved and the degree of narrowing. Some individuals may have no symptoms early on, while others develop progressive complaints. Common symptoms may include:
  • Neck, back, or leg pain
  • Numbness or tingling in the arms or legs
  • Weakness in the extremities
  • Difficulty walking or balance problems
  • Fatigue or heaviness in the legs with activity
  • In severe cases, changes in coordination or bladder/bowel function
  • Symptoms may worsen with growth, activity, or additional spinal conditions.

    Who treats Congenital Spinal Stenosis

    Dr. David Feldman and Dr. Arun Hariharan, are fellowship-trained pediatric and spinal deformity surgeons at Paley Orthopedic & Spine Institute. Their expertise includes complex congenital spine conditions, pediatric and adolescent spinal disorders, and advanced surgical and non-surgical treatments focused on long-term function and quality of life.

  • Neck, back, or leg pain
  • Numbness or tingling in the arms or legs
  • Weakness in the extremities
  • Difficulty walking or balance problems
  • Fatigue or heaviness in the legs with activity
  • In severe cases, changes in coordination or bladder/bowel function
  • Symptoms may worsen with growth, activity, or additional spinal conditions.

    Who treats Congenital Spinal Stenosis

    Dr. David Feldman and Dr. Arun Hariharan, are fellowship-trained pediatric and spinal deformity surgeons at Paley Orthopedic & Spine Institute. Their expertise includes complex congenital spine conditions, pediatric and adolescent spinal disorders, and advanced surgical and non-surgical treatments focused on long-term function and quality of life.

    Treatment Options

    Treatment depends on symptom severity, neurologic findings, and imaging results.

    Non-surgical care

  • Activity modification
  • Physical therapy
  • Medications for pain or inflammation
  • Careful monitoring with imaging and exams
  • When symptoms are progressive or neurologic compromise is present, surgery may be recommended to relieve pressure on the spinal cord or nerves. Surgical options may include:

    Surgical care

  • Targeted decompression to create more space for neural structures
  • Advanced techniques designed to preserve stability and motion when possible
  • Fusion procedures only when necessary for safety or long-term stability
  • Our surgeons emphasize precision, nerve protection, and long-term function when planning surgery for congenital spinal stenosis.

    Frequently Asked Questions

    It can be associated with genetic or developmental conditions, but many patients have no family history.

    Not always, but progression can occur, especially during growth or with additional spinal changes. Regular follow-up is important.

    No. Many patients are managed without surgery. Surgery is reserved for those with significant symptoms or neurologic risk.

    Yes, in many cases. Return to activity depends on symptoms, treatment type, and spinal stability, and is guided carefully by the surgeon.

    Schedule Your Appointment

    Schedule an appointment with Dr. Feldman or Dr. Hariharan. Both physicians see patients at our West Palm Beach location, and Dr. Hariharan also treats patients in our Boca Raton office.